The elevated pollution levels during Diwali can lead to respiratory issues such as coughing, throat irritation, and breathlessness, especially for children, the elderly, and those with asthma or chronic respiratory conditions. Prolonged exposure to PM2.5 particles can also trigger cardiovascular complications, including increased blood pressure and heart rhythm disturbances. Noise pollution from firecrackers and loud music can cause hearing damage, stress, and sleep disturbances. Environmental impacts include water and soil contamination from synthetic colours and waste, as well as noise and light pollution affecting urban wildlife and ecosystems.